setup-python/README.md

184 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
Raw Normal View History

2020-04-30 05:57:41 -04:00
# setup-python V2
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
<p align="left">
<a href="https://github.com/actions/setup-python"><img alt="GitHub Actions status" src="https://github.com/actions/setup-python/workflows/Main%20workflow/badge.svg"></a>
</p>
This action sets up a Python environment for use in actions by:
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
- optionally installing and adding to PATH a version of Python that is already installed in the tools cache
- downloading, installing and adding to PATH an available version of Python from GitHub Releases ([actions/python-versions](https://github.com/actions/python-versions/releases)) if a specific version is not available in the tools cache
- failing if a specific version of Python is not preinstalled or available for download
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
- registering problem matchers for error output
2020-04-30 05:54:06 -04:00
# What's new
- Ability to download, install and set up Python packages from `actions/python-versions` that do not come preinstalled on runners
- Allows for pinning to a specific patch version of Python without the worry of it ever being removed or changed
- Automatic setup and download of Python packages if using a self-hosted runner
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
# Usage
See [action.yml](action.yml)
Basic:
```yaml
steps:
2020-01-29 23:27:43 -05:00
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
2020-04-30 05:57:41 -04:00
- uses: actions/setup-python@v2
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
with:
2019-12-30 10:27:46 -05:00
python-version: '3.x' # Version range or exact version of a Python version to use, using SemVer's version range syntax
2019-11-25 08:51:39 -05:00
architecture: 'x64' # optional x64 or x86. Defaults to x64 if not specified
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
- run: python my_script.py
```
Matrix Testing:
```yaml
jobs:
build:
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
strategy:
matrix:
2019-11-05 15:02:12 -05:00
python-version: [ '2.x', '3.x', 'pypy2', 'pypy3' ]
name: Python ${{ matrix.python-version }} sample
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
steps:
2020-01-29 23:27:43 -05:00
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
- name: Setup python
2020-04-30 05:57:41 -04:00
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
architecture: x64
- run: python my_script.py
```
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
Exclude a specific Python version:
```yaml
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
strategy:
matrix:
os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
python-version: [2.7, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, pypy2, pypy3]
exclude:
- os: macos-latest
python-version: 3.8
- os: windows-latest
python-version: 3.6
steps:
2020-01-29 23:27:43 -05:00
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
- name: Set up Python
2020-04-30 05:57:41 -04:00
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
- name: Display Python version
run: python -c "import sys; print(sys.version)"
```
Download and set up a version of Python that does not come preinstalled on an image:
```yaml
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
# in this example, there is a newer version already installed, 3.7.7, so the older version will be downloaded
python-version: [3.5, 3.6, 3.7.4, 3.8]
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
2020-04-30 05:57:41 -04:00
- uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
- run: python my_script.py
```
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
# Getting started with Python + Actions
Check out our detailed guide on using [Python with GitHub Actions](https://help.github.com/en/actions/automating-your-workflow-with-github-actions/using-python-with-github-actions).
# Available versions of Python
`setup-python` is able to configure Python from two sources:
- Preinstalled versions of Python in the tools cache on GitHub-hosted runners
- For detailed information regarding the available versions of Python that are installed see [Software installed on GitHub-hosted runners](https://help.github.com/en/actions/automating-your-workflow-with-github-actions/software-installed-on-github-hosted-runners).
- For every minor version of Python, expect only the latest patch to be preinstalled.
- If `3.8.1` is installed for example, and `3.8.2` is released, expect `3.8.1` to be removed and replaced by `3.8.2` in the tools cache.
- If the exact patch version doesn't matter to you, specifying just the major and minor version will get you the latest preinstalled patch version. In the previous example, the version spec `3.8` will use the `3.8.2` Python version found in the cache.
- Downloadable Python versions from GitHub Releases ([actions/python-versions](https://github.com/actions/python-versions/releases))
- All available versions are listed in the [version-manifest.json](https://github.com/actions/python-versions/blob/master/versions-manifest.json) file.
2020-05-04 06:03:11 -04:00
- If there is a specific version of Python that is not available, you can open an issue here
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
# Hosted Tool Cache
GitHub hosted runners have a tools cache that comes with a few versions of Python + PyPy already installed. This tools cache helps speed up runs and tool setup by not requiring any new downloads. There is an environment variable called `RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE` on each runner that describes the location of this tools cache and there is where you will find Python and PyPy installed. `setup-python` works by taking a specific version of Python or PyPy in this tools cache and adding it to PATH.
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
|| Location |
|------|-------|
|**Tool Cache Directory** |`RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE`|
|**Python Tool Cache**|`RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE/Python/*`|
|**PyPy Tool Cache**|`RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE/PyPy/*`|
GitHub virtual environments are setup in [actions/virtual-environments](https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments). During the setup, the available versions of Python and PyPy are automatically downloaded, setup and documented.
- [Tools cache setup for Ubuntu](https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments/blob/master/images/linux/scripts/installers/hosted-tool-cache.sh)
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
- [Tools cache setup for Windows](https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments/blob/master/images/win/scripts/Installers/Download-ToolCache.ps1)
# Specifying a Python version
If there is a specific version of Python that you need and you don't want to worry about any potential breaking changes due to patch updates (going from `3.7.5` to `3.7.6` for example), you should specify the exact major, minor, and patch version (such as `3.7.5`)
- The only downside to this is that set up will take a little longer since the exact version will have to be downloaded if the exact version is not already installed on the runner due to more recent versions.
- MSI installers are used on Windows for this, so runs will take a little longer to set up vs Mac and Linux.
You should specify only a major and minor version if you are okay with the most recent patch version being used.
- There will be a single patch version already installed on each runner for every minor version of Python that is supported.
- The patch version that will be preinstalled, will generally be the latest and every time there is a new patch released, the older version that is preinstalled will be replaced.
- Using the most recent patch version will result in a very quick setup since no downloads will be required since a locally installed version Python on the runner will be used.
# Using `setup-python` with a self hosted runner
If you would like to use `setup-python` and a self-hosted runner, there are a few extra things you need to make sure are set up so that new versions of Python can be downloaded and configured on your runner.
### Windows
- Your runner needs to be running with administrator privileges so that the appropriate directories and files can be set up when downloading and installing a new version of Python for the first time.
- If your runner is configured as a service, make sure the account that is running the service has the appropriate write permissions so that Python can get installed. The default `NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE` should be sufficient.
- You need `7zip` installed and added to your `PATH` so that the downloaded versions of Python files can be extracted properly during first-time setup.
- MSI installers are used when setting up Python on Windows. A word of caution as MSI installers update registry settings.
- The 3.8 MSI installer for Windows will not let you install another 3.8 version of Python. If `setup-python` fails for a 3.8 version of Python, make sure any previously installed versions are removed by going to "Apps & Features" in the Settings app.
### Linux
- The Python packages that are downloaded from `actions/python-versions` are originally compiled from source in `/opt/hostedtoolcache/` with the [--enable-shared](https://github.com/actions/python-versions/blob/94f04ae6806c6633c82db94c6406a16e17decd5c/builders/ubuntu-python-builder.psm1#L35) flag, which makes them non-relocatable.
- Create an environment variable called `AGENT_TOOLSDIRECTORY` and set it to `/opt/hostedtoolcache`. This controls where the runner downloads and installs tools.
- In the same shell that your runner is using, type `export AGENT_TOOLSDIRECTORY=/opt/hostedtoolcache`
- A more permanent way of setting the environment variable is to create a `.env` file in the same directory as your runner and to add `AGENT_TOOLSDIRECTORY=/opt/hostedtoolcache`. This ensures the variable is always set if your runner is configured as a service.
- Create a directory called `hostedtoolcache` inside `/opt`.
- The user starting the runner must have write permission to the `/opt/hostedtoolcache` directory. It is not possible to start the Linux runner with `sudo` and the `/opt` directory usually requires root privileges to write to. Check the current user and group that the runner belongs to by typing `ls -l` inside the runners root directory.
- The runner can be granted write access to the `/opt/hostedtoolcache` directory using a few techniques:
- The user starting the runner is the owner, and the owner has write permission
- The user starting the runner is in the owning group, and the owning group has write permission
- All users have write permission
- One quick way to grant access is to change the user and group of `/opt/hostedtoolcache` to be the same as the runners using `chown`
- `sudo chown runner-user:runner-group opt/hostedtoolcache/`
- If your runner is configured as a service and you run into problems, make sure the user that the service is running as is correct. For more information, you can [check the status of your self-hosted runner](https://help.github.com/en/actions/hosting-your-own-runners/configuring-the-self-hosted-runner-application-as-a-service#checking-the-status-of-the-service).
### Mac
- The same setup that applies to `Linux` also applies to `Mac`, just with a different tools cache directory.
- Create a directory called `/Users/runner/hostedtoolcache`
- Set the `AGENT_TOOLSDIRECTORY` environment variable to `/Users/runner/hostedtoolcache`.
- Change the permissions of `/Users/runner/hostedtoolcache` so that the runner has write access.
2019-12-23 11:51:09 -05:00
# Using Python without `setup-python`
`setup-python` helps keep your dependencies explicit and ensures consistent behavior between different runners. If you use `python` in a shell on a GitHub hosted runner without `setup-python` it will default to whatever is in PATH. The default version of Python in PATH vary between runners and can change unexpectedly so we recommend you always use `setup-python`.
2019-08-20 10:27:52 -04:00
# License
The scripts and documentation in this project are released under the [MIT License](LICENSE)
# Contributions
Contributions are welcome! See our [Contributor's Guide](docs/contributors.md)